Response to “JC polyoma virus and kidney disease”
نویسندگان
چکیده
We appreciate Dr. Brennan and colleagues’ novel observation that shedding of urinary tract JC polyomavirus (JCV) associates with reduced rates of acute renal allograft rejection.1 Bacterial urinary tract infections trigger acute rejection and non-JC viral infections may do the same. This finding further supports protective effects of urinary tract JCV on CKD and APOL1 gene-JCV interactions reducing risk of non-diabetic nephropathy.2;3 These diverse clinical scenarios suggest that JCV exhibits a commensal relationship with urothelial and kidney cells. JC viruria is not likely indicative of true infection, but colonization. This is akin to protective GI tract bacteria that inhibit growth of pathologic strains. As such, asymptomatic urinary tract JCV shedding could reflect health. Absent JCV, pathologic viruses may infect urothelial cells, ascend to and infect kidney cells, and cause chronic renal dysfunction or acute rejection. All studies support that a single urothelial viral strain inhibits growth of others.1–3 Relative to the GI tract, the urine virome remains understudied. Known and novel viruses may reside in the urinary tract and be readily detectable in urine. Next generation sequencing in urine could identify intruding viruses that “move into the neighborhood when JCV is away”.4 Pathogenic viruses might underlie gene-virus interactions, CKD, and acute rejection. Kidney disease and acute rejection therapies may emerge from identification of these unwelcome guests.
منابع مشابه
Urine Cytology: Useful Screening Method for Polyoma Virus Nephropathy in Renal Transplant Patients
Polyoma virus nephropathy occurs in 3% to 4% of renal transplant recipients, causing graft loss in 50% of cases. The objective of the present study was to explore the effects of age, sex, post-transplantation period and plasma creatinine levels on the polyoma virus infection in kidney transplanted patients. Urine samples were collected from 362 patients, centrifuged and microscopic slides prepa...
متن کاملJC polyoma virus interacts with APOL1 in African Americans with non-diabetic nephropathy
Individuals with HIV infection and two apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1) risk variants frequently develop nephropathy. Here we tested whether non-HIV viral infections influence nephropathy risk via interactions with APOL1 by assessing APOL1 genotypes and presence of urine JC and BK polyoma virus and plasma HHV6 and CMV by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We analyzed 300 samples from unrelat...
متن کاملPolyoma virus-associated interstitial nephritis in a patient with acute myeloic leukaemia and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.
In 1971, two human polyoma viruses, BK and JC, were isolated and named after the patients in whom they were first identified [1]. BK virus (BKV) was isolated from the urine of a kidney transplant patient and JC virus (JCV) from the brain of a patient with Hodgkin’s lymphoma and progressive multifocal leukencephalopathy. Primary infection with these DNA viruses occurs early in childhood and 70–8...
متن کاملOptimisation and analysis of polymerase chain reaction based DNA sequencing for genotyping polyoma virus in renal transplant patients: a report from South India.
PURPOSE To optimise a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based DNA sequencing technique for genotyping polyoma virus in clinical specimens obtained from renal transplant patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A hundred and thirty (106 peripheral blood and 24 urine) clinical specimens collected from renal transplant patients were included in the study for detecting the presence of DNA of BK virus (BKV)...
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